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Umthombo oguqulelweyo: Umhleli weqela leWuXi AppTec

E-Guangzhou, e-China, amapolisa anoxanduva lokunceda uphando lwe-epidemiological akhuphe ividiyo yokubeka iliso: Kwindawo yokutyela enye, bobabini bangena kwigumbi lokuhlambela emva komnye ngaphandle kokunxibelelana ngokwasemzimbeni.Yimizuzwana eli-14 kuphela yexesha lokuhlalisana evumele intsholongwane entsha yesithsaba ukuba ifumane ithuba, igqibezele ukusasazeka.

umfanekiso001WuXi AppTec umxholo iqela mapping

EOstreliya kumazantsi ehemisphere, abantu bayamangaliswa kukubona “usulelo olukhawulezileyo” olufanayo.Xa abasemagunyeni kwezempilo baseNew South Wales belandela amatyala, bafumanisa ukuba umntu osulelekileyo kunye nabantu abathathu ubuncincinje "idlule" ngaphandle kwendawo yokuthenga okanye ivenkile yekofu, ingena ngokukhawuleza kwindawo enye, kwaye intsholongwane yabangela usulelo.

Iziphumo zolandelelwano lwe-viral genome kwiisampulu zala matyala zibonise ukuba i-coronavirus entshaUsulelo lolwe-Delta mutant strain, eluhlobo olutsha lwe-coronavirus oluguqukileyo olwafunyanwa okokuqala eIndiya ngo-Okthobha ka-2020.Umfundi uZhong Nanshan uphinde wachaza kudliwanondlebe lwamva nje lwemithombo yeendaba ukuba "i-delta strain inomthwalo omkhulu,Irhasi ephumayo inetyhefu kwaye iyosulela kakhulu", ukuze kufuneke imigangatho engqongqo ukuchaza "abafowunelwa abasondeleyo"...

Hlikihla ihlabathi

Ngo-Epreli nangoMeyi ka-2021, bekukho iliza elibi lobhubhani eIndiya.Ngokwedatha ekhutshwe nguMphathiswa wezeMpilo waseIndiya,inani lamatyala amatsha aqinisekisiweyo ngosuku olunye lidlule kuma-400,000 ngexesha elinye!Nangona kukho iindibano ezinkulu kunye nezinye izinto ezisemva kwayo, inyani engenakuphikiswa yeyokuba inani labantu abosulelwe yi-Delta mutant strain likhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ngaphandle kweIndiya, ukusuka eNepal ukuya kuMazantsi-mpuma eAsia, ukuya kwindawo enkulu kwihlabathi liphela, iDelta mutant strain nayo yasasazeka kwiinyanga ezimbini ezidlulileyo.

Umehluko weDelta ngowona mahluko wosulelo olufunyenweyo ngoku.Ifunyenwe kumazwe / imimandla ye-85 kwaye isasazeke ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabantu abangagonywanga.” UMlawuli-Jikelele woMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi uGqr. Tan Desai nge-25 kaJuni uthe kwinkomfa yabezindaba.

umfanekiso002UGqr. Tan Desai, uMlawuli-Jikelele woMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi |Imifanekiso ye-ITU evela eGeneva, eSwitzerland, CC BY 2.0, nge Wikimedia Commons)

Ityala lokuqala losulelo lweDelta labhaqwa e-United Kingdom phakathi ku-Epreli.Ngelo xesha, emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa "zokuvalwa", kunye nokuqhubela phambili kokugonywa, inani losulelo, ukulaliswa esibhedlele, kunye nokufa konke kwehla kakhulu, kwaye ubhubhane wabonakala uphucula.

Nangona kunjalo, i-Delta ye-mutant strain ngokukhawuleza yavelisa i-wave yesithathu yobhubhane e-UK., kwaye inani lamatyala amatsha ngosuku ladlula ama-8,700.Intsholongwane yasasazeka ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwabantu abangagonywanga, inyanzela i-UK ukuba ihlehlise isicwangciso sayo sokuvula kwakhona.Inyaniso,uhlobo lwangoku lwe-Delta oluguqukileyo luthathe indawo ye-Alpha mutant strain (oko kukuthi, i-B.1.1.7 mutant strain) yafunyanwa okokuqala e-UK, kwaye iye yaba yeyona coronavirus ibalulekileyo yasekhaya.

Kwilizwekazi laseMelika, umkhwa wokwahluka kweDelta nawo ubangele inkxalabo.Ngokwesampulu yovavanyo olwenziwe eCalifornia,inani leemeko ezibangelwa yi-Alpha variant strain, ngaphambili "i-mainstream", yehla ukusuka ngaphezu kwe-70% ngasekupheleni kuka-Epreli ukuya malunga ne-42% ekupheleni kukaJuni, kwaye "ukunyuka" kwe-Delta eyahlukileyo kuxanduva lwale nto.Esona sizathu solu tshintsho.Umlawuli wamaziko aseMelika oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo (CDC) ulumkise ukuba kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo, ukwahluka kweDelta kunokuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ye-coronavirus eUnited States.

umfanekiso003Umlinganiselo weentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane ye-COVID-19 (iintlobo zeDelta eziguqukayo ziluhlaza) |nextstrain.org)

E-China, ukongeza eGuangzhou, iimeko zeDelta eziguquguqukayo ziye zafunyanwa kwiShenzhen, Dongguan nakwezinye iindawo ezikufutshane.Ukujongana ngentloko kwabantu kunye neDelta kwiintlobo eziguqukayo sele kuqalile.

Akunjalo kuphela ukusasazeka kunamandla ngakumbi

Ukususela ekuqhambukeni kobhubhane olutsha lwesithsaba ngaphezu konyaka, iintlobo zeentlobo eziguqukayo ziye zatsala ingqalelo ekhethekileyo, kuquka i-Alpha mutant strain eyaqinisekiswa okokuqala e-United Kingdom ngoSeptemba 2020, kunye ne-Beta mutant strain (B.1.351) eyaqinisekiswa okokuqala eMzantsi Afrika ngoMeyi 2020.

Nge-11 kaMeyi, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi wadwelisa i-Delta mutant strain eyafunyanwa okokuqala eIndiya njengeyesine "uhlobo oluthile lwenkxalabo” (VOC).Ngokwenkcazo ye-WHO, i-VOC ithetha“Irhanelwa okanye iqinisekisiwe ukuba iza kubangela ukwanda kosulelo okanye ubuthi;okanye ukwanda okanye utshintsho kwiimpawu zezifo zeklinikhi;okanye ubangele utshintsho kuxilongo olukhoyo, amanyathelo onyango, kunye nempumelelo yesitofu sokugonya.

Idatha ekhoyo evela kumaziko afana neSebe lezeMpilo yoLuntu lase-United Kingdom (PHE) ibonisa ukubaumthamo wothumelo lwe-Delta eyahlukileyo ye-strain yi-100% ephezulu kuneyokuqala;xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwe-Alpha oluguquguqukayo olwalujikeleza kwihlabathi jikelele kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka ophelileyo, i-Delta eyahlukileyo Ikhono lokuhambisa loxinzelelo lomelele ngakumbi, izinga losulelo liphezulu ngama-60%.

Ukongeza kokunyuka okubalulekileyo kosulelo kunye nomthamo wosulelo, uFeng Zijian, umphandi kwiZiko laseTshayina loLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo, uthe xa wayesazisa iimeko zamva nje zezithsaba eGuangzhou, iDelta mutant strain “Enye into kukuba ixesha lokufukamela okanye ikhefu lokuhamba lifinyeziwe-ngexesha elifutshane).Izizukulwana ezihlanu okanye ezithandathu zadlula ngeentsuku nje ezili-10.” Ukongeza, iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-PCR zeesampulu ezivela kubantu abosulelekileyo zibonise ukuba umthamo wentsholongwane egazini unyuke kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba usulelo lwenzeke ngakumbi.

EUnited Kingdom, apho ukwahluka kweDelta kuye kwabalelwa kwi-90% yamatyala, ubungqina bokuqala bubonisa ukubaxa kuthelekiswa nokwahluka kwe-Alpha, abantu abosulelwe kukwahluka kweDelta baphantse baphindwe kabini ukuba balaliswe esibhedlele, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele wonyuka nge-100%.

umfanekiso004Utshintsho lwemfuza olubalulekileyo oluthwalwa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zentsholongwane entsha yentsholongwane ye-coronavirus exhalabisayo ngoku.Phakathi kwazo, i-Delta mutant strain ine-13 yokuguqulwa kofuzo olulodwa xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lokuqala lwentsholongwane |WuXi AppTec Content Team

Ukujonga kulandelelwano lwemfuza yeDelta mutant strain,inotshintsho olukhethekileyo kwijeni efaka iprotein ye-spike ye-coronavirus entsha, engachaphazeli nje kuphela isakhono sosulelo lwentsholongwane, kodwa inokubangela ukubaleka komzimba..Ngamanye amagama, ii-antibodies eziveliswa emva kosulelo lwangaphambili okanye ugonyo lunokuthi buthathaka ukukwazi ukubophelela ukwahluka kweDelta.

Ukubaluleka kwesitofu sokugonya

Phambi kolwahlukano lweDelta olusongelayo, ngaba izitofu zokugonya ezikhoyo zisabonelela ngokhuseleko olwaneleyo?

"Indalo" yapapasha iphepha lophando ngoJuni 10.Iziphumo zovavanyo lwesakhono se-antibody neutralization zibonise okoiiveki ezimbini okanye ezine emva kokugonywa ngokupheleleyo kweedosi ezimbini zesitofu sokugonya se-mRNA neocorona BNT162b2, i-antibody engathathi hlangothi eveliswe kumzimba womntu inesiphumo esihle kwiDelta.Uxinzelelo lusenesiphumo esibalulekileyo sokuthintela.

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Umsebenzi ongathathi hlangothi weserum yesitofu ngokuchasene ne-coronavirus entsha yantlandlolo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuguquguquka kubandakanya uhlobo lweDelta |Isalathiso [1]

Ukuphendula kwiiyantlukwano ezimbini eziphambili zentsholongwane, iDelta kunye ne-Alpha, ebangela uphawu lwe-COVID-19, ukuba ugonyo olusebenzayo lunokuyithintela njani, iSebe lezeMpilo yoLuntu lase-United Kingdom libhengeze iziphumo zophononongo lwehlabathi lokwenyani ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi.

Idatha ibonisa ukuba nangona isitofu sokugonya sinefuthe elibuthathaka lokukhusela kwi-Delta strainxa kuthelekiswa noxinzelelo lwe-Alpha, lusenokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko weempawu ezintsha zesithsaba.Ukugonywa ngokupheleleyo ngeenaliti ezimbini ze-mRNA yokugonya, umphumo wokukhusela unokufikelela kwi-88%;ngokuchaseneyo, impembelelo yokuthintela i-Alpha yi-93%.

Uphononongo lukwafumanise ukuba ukuba kuphela isitofu esinye sesitofu esilawulwayo, ukukwazi ukuthintela uhlobo oluguqukileyo luyancipha kakhulu.Kwiiveki ezintathu emva kwe-dose yokuqala yokugonywa, izitofu ezimbini zogonyo zinokunciphisa kuphela umngcipheko weempawu ezintsha zesithsaba ezibangelwa yi-Delta variant strain nge-33%, kunye nomngcipheko we-Alpha nge-50%, zombini zingaphantsi kwesiphumo sokukhusela esiveliswa emva kokugonywa okupheleleyo kweedosi ze-2.

umfanekiso006Ukhuseleko lwezitofu ezimbini ezitsha zokugonya ngokuchasene ne-B.1.617.2 kunye ne-B.1.1.7 kwiintlobo eziguqukayo |Iimbekiselo [8]

Ijenali yezonyango enegunya "I-Lancet" yapapasha enye idatha evela kwiSebe lezeMpilo yoLuntu lase-United Kingdom ngoJuni 15, ebonisa ukubaisitofu sokugonya esipheleleyo esinezitofu ezimbini (kubandakanywa neendidi ezininzi zokugonya) kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele.Uphononongo lukwabonise ukuba ubuncinci kwiintsuku ezingama-28 emva kokutofa okokuqala, isiphumo sothintelo sesitofu sogonyo siyabonakala.

Ngokusekelwe kubungqina obuninzi, i-WHO kunye neengcali ezivela kumazwe amaninzi ziye zayigxininisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo loo ntoKubaluleke kakhulu ukugqiba yonke inkqubo yokugonya kwizitofu zokugonya ezifuna iidosi ezimbini (okanye ngaphezulu), ngakumbi kuthintelo lwe-COVID-19 eqatha kunye nokufa.

Ukuguqulwa okuqhubekayo, ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo

Kubantu abanamazinga aphantsi okugonywa, ukwahluka kweDelta kunethuba lokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza.Uphononongo olusekwe kulandelelwano lwedatha yeesampulu eziphantse zibe ngama-20,000 ukusukela ngo-Epreli zafumanisa ukubakwiindawo apho ipesenti yabahlali abagqiba yonke inkqubo yokugonywa ingaphantsi kwe-30%, ukusasazeka kwe-Delta variant strain iphezulu kakhulu kunezinye iindawo apho izinga lokugonywa lidlula le pesenti.

Olunye uphononongo lukwafumanise ukuba umahluko omkhulu kumazinga okugonya usenokuba ukhokelele kumahluko kwinani lamatyala kunye nokulaliswa esibhedlele okubangelwa kukwahluka kweDelta kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.

Njengoko i-coronavirus entsha iqhubeka ukusasazeka kwihlabathi liphela, ukuguqulwa kwentsholongwane akunakuphepheka.Ukongeza kuxinzelelo lweDelta oluguqukileyo olunamandla othumelo olunamandla ukuza kuthi ga ngoku,Izazinzulu zikwabeka iliso kwiintlobo ezininzi eziguqukayo, kubandakanywa ezinye iintlobo ezisixhenxe eziguqukileyo ezidweliswe njenge "Mutant Strains ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe" (VOI) nguMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi.

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Indlela yokuthintela uhlobo olutsha lwe-coronavirus oluhlala luguquka, uGqr. Michael Ryan we-WHO ukholelwa ukuba: “Utshintsho lwemfuza lunokubangela utshintsho kwiimpawu zentsholongwane, ezinjengokosulela abantu, ukuhlala kumathontsi ixesha elide, kunye nokungakhuseleki kancinci.Iya kubangela usulelo, njl.Kodwa ezi ntsholongwane eziguqukayo aziyi kutshintsha into esiza kuyenza, zisikhumbuza ukuba sithathe onke amanyathelo okhuseleko anokwenziwa, kwaye sithathe amanyathelo angqongqo, kubandakanya ukunxiba imaski, ukunciphisa iindibano, njl.njl.

Isishwankathelo, nangona uhlobo oluguqukileyo lweDelta luye lwanda ukosuleleka, lwanciphisa ixesha lokufukamela, kwaye umntu osulelekileyo uyagula kakhulu, kodwa akuthinteleki ngokupheleleyo.Nokuba lugonyo njengoko lufuneka, okanye amanyathelo anje ngeemaski kunye nokwahlulwa ekuhlaleni, kulindeleke ukuba ilawulwe kakuhle.Kungquzulwano neDelta mutant, eli nyathelo lisezandleni zethu.

Iimbekiselo

[1] Ukulandela umkhondo ukwahluka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 Yafunyanwa nge-24 kaJuni, 2021 ukusuka ku-https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/

[2] Ukwahluka kwe-Delta coronavirus: izazinzulu zilwela impembelelo, Ifunyenwe ngoJuni 24, 2021, ukusuka ku-https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01696-3

[3] Ukwahluka kweCoronavirus kuyasasazeka eIndiya - oko izazinzulu zizazi ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.Ibuyiselwe ngoMeyi 11, 2021, ukusuka ku-https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01274-7

[4] Ukwahluka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 yenkxalabo kunye nokwahluka phantsi kophando eNgilani.Ibuyiselwe nge-25 ka-Epreli 2021, ukusuka, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/979818/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_9_England.pdf

[5] I-Delta eyahlukileyo yeCoronavirus inokulawula e-US, kwiiveki nje.Ibuyiselwe nge-23 kaJuni, ukusuka https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/06/22/1008859705/delta-variant-coronavirus-unvaccinated-us-covid-surge

[6] Ibuyiselwe nge-26 kaJuni, 2021 ukusuka https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_13296668

[7] Ikhutshwe ligunya lendlela edibeneyo yokuthintela kunye nolawulo lweBhunga kaRhulumente (ngoJuni 11, 2021) Ifunyenwe ngoJuni 26, 2021 ukusuka http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/gwylflkjz160/index.htm

[8] Ukusebenza kwezitofu zokugonya i-COVID-19 ngokuchasene nokwahluka kwe-B.1.617.2.Ifunyenwe ngomhla wama-23 kuMeyi, 2021, ukusuka ku-https://khub.net/documents/135939561/430986542/Ukusebenza+kwe+COVID-19+vaccines+against+the+B.1.617.2+variant.pdf/204c12-f3-19-e64-eb4-43 2


Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-23-2021